Furthermore, more than half (9/16) of our C-GWAS-identified ear loci (1p12 TBX15, 2q12.3 EDAR, 2q31.1 SP5/MYO3B, 3q23 MRPS22, 6q21 ATG5, 8q24.13 HAS2, 9q33.1 ASTN2, 10q22.2 C10orf11, 20q11.22 UQCC1), which were particularly associated with earlobe phenotypes in our study, were previously reported to have association with male pattern baldness in the GWAS catalog [10], and two of our ear loci, including 2q12.3 EDAR and 6q21 ATG5, were previously associated with mono eyebrow [21] (S7 Table). Here, ASTN2 is linked to androgenetic alopecia.