APOE and Alzheimer disease: Indeed, APOE ε4 is a stronger predictor of MCI and clinical AD risk among females compared with males, particularly among those aged 55 to 70 years.10,16 Likewise, past work has observed female ε4 carriers to have faster memory decline compared with male ε4 carriers.8 That said, there has not been much characterization of sex differences in APOE ε4 effects on language, making our findings of increased ε4 effects among females interesting.