Evidence from both type 1 diabetes animal models and human pancreatic organ donors with recent-onset type 1 diabetes identified CXCL9 and CXCL10 as key chemokines that induce the attraction of autoreactive T cells bearing the corresponding chemokine receptor CXCR3 to pancreatic islets [16–23]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL9 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.