IFNG and neoplasm: A total 40 μg of GSDMBNT mRNA@LNPs was intratumorally injected into 4T1 tumors and then the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in tumor tissue or serum were assayed by ELISA after 6, 24, or 72 h, separately (Fig. 4a).