The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been implicated in HNSCC development (Paluszczak 2020), and a recent study has shown that pAkt stimulates β-catenin nuclear translocation, which induces the TCF4-mediated transcription of ALDH1A1 (Wang et al. 2017). This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.