ACTA2 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Consistent with induction of EMT, we observed upregulation of the EMT genes SNAI2, TWIST1, CDH2, CDH11, COL1A1, COL3A1, FN1, ACTA2, and MMP2, in hybrid C2 cells, which were also upregulated in MSC-adherent patient ALL cells in bulk RNA-seq analyses (Figure 4C) but not in C1, NALM6, and Nonadh NALM6 samples (Figure 5F).