In a model of transient cerebral ischemia, TLR4 expression is upregulated, and TLR4‐deficient mice show suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, including cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), IFN‐β, IFN regulatory factor 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and MMP‐9.14, 129. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is transient ischemic attack.