CD8A and neoplasm: In subcutaneously transplanted mice, peritumoral injection of V. parvula similarly promoted Ki67 expression in the tumor tissue (p < 0.0001), reduced peripheral and tumor-associated CD3+ and CD4+ T-lymphocyte infiltration (p < 0.05), and reduced peripheral CD8+ T cell infiltration (p = 0.0173), but did not affect tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell expression (p = 0.05) (Fig. 3C, D).