MYC and neoplasm: MYC frequently synergizes with genetic abnormalities which disrupt cell-cycle checkpoints and affect cell proliferation, cell death, senescence, and/or malignant transformation, due escalation of antiapoptotic events, such as BCL-2 upregulation, p53 downregulation, and p19ARF reduction, among others [98-100], indicating that normal cells possess a wide range of intrinsic tumor suppression mechanisms to control MYC expression and prevent malignancy [101].