PDK1 and adenocarcinoma: In adenocarcinoma of the glandular prostrate and lobular breast milk duct, glycolysis-related genes, including HK2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), are activated by MYC and HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions [156, 157], whereas MYCN and HIF-1α cooperate to mediate anaerobic glycolysis in other malignancies.