To explore the relationship of differentially expressed genes in C9-ALS-FTSD with glial activation and TDP-43 burden (Fig. 2A), we correlated microglia, astrocyte, and TDP-43-related immunohistochemical data from our previous digital pathology study24 with transcript counts of the 20 differentially expressed genes identified in Fig. 1. Here, TARDBP is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.