CD274 and cancer: For example, a recent study in non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy targeting PD-L1 reported that 82% of participants had died by the 5-year data cutoff point, though patients with high PD-L1 expression and naïve to previous cancer treatment responded better and had longer overall survival (OS) when treated with immunotherapy.8 Therefore, although current immunotherapy trends positively contribute to OS rate in advanced cancers, there is still much room for improvement to achieve convincing long-term PFS rate in a wide range of aggressive cancer types.