In their study, TDP-43 overexpression in wild-type mice could induced BBB alteration, as suggested by the infiltration of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells, Immunoglobulin G and the presence of cerebral microbleeds, which were associated with increased markers of endothelial cell activation: ICAM1, VCAM and caveolin). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is cerebral microbleeds.