Vascular amyloid deposits correlate with the alteration of the NVU components in 3xTg-AD and an improvement after voluntary exercise intervention (Figure 7): collagen IV (basement membrane; R2 = 0.5823, p = 0.0168; panel a), PDGFR-β (pericytes; R2 = 0.5068, p = 0.0476; panel b), AQ4 (astrocytic end-feet; R2 = 0.6351, p = 0.0179; panel c) and PVS (R2 = 0.8127, p = 0.0022; panel d). Here, PDGFRB is linked to Alzheimer disease.