TNF and cancer: M2 macrophages cultured without activation factors (w/o) after interaction with cancer cell spheroids had increased IL-1β (from (w/o) M2 90 pg/mL to S + (w/o) M2 136 pg/mL, p = 0.0009), IFNβ (from 0 to 0.6 ng/mL, p = 0.0300), and TNFα (from 98 to 131 pg/mL, p = 0.0007) cytokine secretion (Figure S7a).