By comparison, previous EC studies detected mutations in cfDNA in 14% of patients with a small NGS panel that targeted regions from 12 genes [29], in 36% of patients with deep sequencing of the TP53 gene [28], and in 60% of patients with a large NGS panel that targeted 802 regions from 607 ESCC/EAD genes [22]. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.