In a study involving H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells and an AD C57BL/6J mouse model established with AlCl3 and D-gal, dioscin exhibited the ability to inhibit the RAGE/NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) signaling axis, leading to a reduction in associated inflammatory factors, such as p-NF-κB/NF-κB, activator protein 1 (AP-1), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α [144]. Here, TNF is linked to Alzheimer disease.