PZ also influenced the activities of PPO, and the PPO levels of the PZ + NIT-treated plants were 83.8% and 74.0% higher than those of NIT-treated plants in both the BPH infestation group and non-infested group, respectively, while there was no significant difference between the PZ treatment and control (Figure 5B). Here, PPOX is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.