Taken together, these observations suggest that LRRK2 might be implicated in the pathogenesis of PD by acting as a proapoptotic kinase by regulating mitochondrial proteins (e.g., PRKN, PINK1, DRP1, and PUMA), transcription factors (e.g., c-JUN and TP53), and CASP3. Here, LRRK2 is linked to Parkinson disease.