In lung cancer, high blood OPN levels are a prognostic marker for worse outcomes such that patients with high OPN levels had a median survival of 57 months, while those with low OPN levels had a median survival of 102 months (hazard ratio = 1.57 (1.36–1.81), p = 5.390 × 10−10) [97]. This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and lung cancer.