TGFB1 and cancer: For instance, SOX4 expression was upregulated in TGFβ-treated cells undergoing EMT; it additionally regulates target genes associated with mesenchymal features, including N-cadherin, ADAM10, TMEM2, TNC, FZD5, neuropilin-1, and semaphorin-3A, to promote cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis by orchestrating the EMT process [116].