Next, Reactome pathway analysis identified relevant cancer pathways associated with both hsa-miR-16-5p and hsa-miR -497-5p, such as signaling by the TGF-beta receptor complex (p = 1.84 × 10−7, p = 1.76 × 10−5, respectively), regulation of RUNX1 expression and activity (p = 2.82 × 10−7, 1.47 × 10−7, respectively) and aberrant regulation of the mitotic G1/S transition in cancer due to RB1 defects (p = 2.82 × 10−7, 1.46 × 10−7, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene RB1 and cancer.