Gene expression studies have revealed increased ASC, NLRP3, and caspase-1 expression in monocytes from RA patients (Table 2) [166], and higher intracellular levels of inflammasome components, including NLRP3, ASC, active caspase-1 and pro-IL-1β, as well as increased secretion of IL-1β was detected in patient monocytes [166,197]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.