In our current study, we identified increased levels of transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) protein in sarcosyl-insoluble protein precipitates in white matter plaques from individuals with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) relative to the white matter regions of normal-appearing, subcortical white matter from non-neurologic control brains (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene TMEM106B and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.