DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Sodium–glucose cotransport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4I) are used to treat type 2 diabetes, and recent studies have reported [59] The combination of SGLT2 inhibitor and DPP4 inhibitor slows the progression of DN by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle activation.