The important pathological features of diabetes mellitus are insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell destruction leading to impaired insulin secretion, and previous studies have shown a close relationship between the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and the chronic inflammatory response [19] Carlos et al. [20] demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA activates NLPR3 inflammatory vesicles and releases the pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β to induce type 1 diabetes. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is diabetes mellitus.