Cytokine production is the mainstay in developing sepsis and septic multiorgan failure in patients with secondary peritonitis; therefore, we proposed measurements in plasma and peritoneal fluid, at different moments in time, of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), and MCP-1, HMGB-1 concentrations, together with presepsin and procalcitonin in plasma, for determining their value in stratifying the risk of developing sepsis and septic multiorgan dysfunction in this category of patients. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and Sepsis.