CD274 and cancer: To identify cytokines important for the regulation of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC, we first comprehensively examined the relation between expression of the genes for 26 major cytokines and PD-L1 gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with the use of data from 566 LUAD tissue specimens available through cBioportal for cancer genomics data (Supplementary Table 1).