HRAS and melanoma: Oncogenic mutants lead to malfunction of driver genes, such as NRAS,6 HRAS,7 and BRAF.8 Potent oncogenes may mutate in benign nevi, such as NRAS in congenital nevi,6 HRAS in Spitz nevi,7 and BRAF in acquired nevi.8 Some tumor suppressor genes lose their functions, such as CDKN2A,9 TP53,10 and PTEN,11 making them potential clinical diagnostic and prognostic markers of melanoma.