Pioglitazone (PIO) Fig. 1a, 5-[[4-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl) ethoxy] phenyl]methyl]-1, 3-thiazolidine-2, 4-dione [4] is from thiazolidinediones that are indicated for the treatment of T2DM as it improves insulin sensitivity and increases glucose uptake [5]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.