In an interrogation of 51 markers of the cancer immune cycle, RNA sequencing demonstrated the distinct and complex immune expression patterns of different patients.48 Similarly, a simultaneous evaluation of 395 immune-related markers (RNA-seq), 409 exon gene expression, and IHC of program cell death-1 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma demonstrated unique immune marker profiles.49 These findings suggest the importance of RNA biomarkers to individualize therapy. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is cancer.