Other mouse models of human mTOR-associated epilepsies such as SZT232 (a KPTN binding partner and mTOR regulator) show a reduced threshold for seizures after pentylenetetrazole and electroconvulsive treatment, while lacking the spontaneous seizures observed in the corresponding human disorder.15,16 Transcriptomic analysis of our KRD models, however, reveals the dysregulation of numerous known epilepsy-associated genes92,93 (syndromic and non-syndromic) in both mouse brain (290 of 844 expressed, Supplementary Fig. 8A) and cortical NPCs (281 of 807 expressed, Supplementary Fig. 8B). Here, KPTN is linked to epilepsy.