MTOR and kidney cancer: Deregulated mTOR was found to be associated with human growth and metabolic diseases as neuronal degeneration, obesity, and type 2 diabetes [26]. Several studies reported that mTOR is aberrantly overactivated in more than 70% of cancers and mTOR dysfunction contributes to tumorigenesis [23] as in kidney cancer [27], breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [28] and multiple myeloma [29,30].