Peak NfL was also significantly higher in GBS (median 220.8 pg/ml) than CIDP (17.3 pg/ml), multiple sclerosis (21.5 pg/ml), dementia (29.9 pg/ml) and healthy controls (5.6 pg/ml), Peak NfL levels also distinguished between controls and all other disease groups, but were not able to distinguish between CIDP, multiple sclerosis and dementia. Here, NEFL is linked to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.