Furthermore, in vitro studies suggest that pericytes might play a role in resistance to sorafenib and vemurafenib through secretion of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and TGFβ1, which trigger rebound elevation in ERK1/2 and AKT levels allowing tumor cells to overcome inhibitory effects of these targeted therapies (82). The gene discussed is THBS1; the disease is neoplasm.