Clearly, 3βHSD1 has an integral role in the extra-gonadal synthesis of androgens in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells, and when we combine the results of these two studies, it suggests that HSD3B1 genotype status impacts future strategies for pharmacologic treatment of CRPC, and that 3βHSD1 may be an actionable target for drug therapies. The gene discussed is HSD3B1; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.