VEGFA and ischemic colitis: In Kim et al. [1], the authors documented a PDRN ability in increasing VEGF expression, reducing the histological damage, downregulating anti-inflammatory responses, and modulating apoptosis through the interaction with adenosine A2AR. In this regard, the effects of PDRN in the experimental model of ischemic colitis are abolished using DMPX, a specific adenosine A2AR antagonist.