The indications include treatment of pregnancy-related anemia associated with chronic renal failure, in cases of hypoproliferative anemia or severe anemia during pregnancy (e.g., Hb below 80 g/L), congenital hemoglobinopathies, in patients not responding to iron alone and in patients who refuse blood transfusions (e.g., Jehovah's Witness) [50, 66, 67]. Here, GSTM1 is linked to anemia (phenotype).