Furthermore, we established a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of HNSCC using FaDu cells infected with empty vector (EV) and PHF5A overexpression (OE) plasmids, which showed that the tumours in the PHF5A overexpression group grew faster and weighed more than those in the empty vector group (Fig. 4G). This evidence concerns the gene PHF5A and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.