PTRH1 and diabetes mellitus: The PTRH1 mRNA level was found to be lower in PDAC samples from patients with diabetes from TCGA (n = 146) (Fig. 4C), and the same was true when comparing neoplastic epithelial cells in PDAC single-cell sequencing data (n = 24) (GSA: CRA001160) [26] (Fig. 4D).