Decreased expression of TMEM176A in intact osteoarthritis cartilage and pancreatic islets was associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (pancreatic islets: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = [1.07, 1.21], p value = 8.5 × 10−5, F stat = 15.4; cartilage: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = [1.03, 1.08], p value = 8.5 × 10−5, F stat = 15.4) and increased risk of knee osteoarthritis (pancreatic islets: OR = 0.93, 95% CI = [0.87, 0.99], p value = 0.048, F stat = 3.9; cartilage: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = [0.94, 0.99], p value = 0.048, F stat = 3.9). This evidence concerns the gene TMEM176A and osteoarthritis.