Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that target programmed cell death–1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand–1 (PD-L1) and have recently revolutionized treatment for various cancer types, particularly non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).1,2,3,4,5,6 To determine ICI treatment outcomes more accurately, clinical biomarkers are essential. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.