Essential genes in angiogenesis and invasion, VEGFA, SPAG9, and CDC42, were distinctly upregulated in H3F3B+ tumor cells and clustered in the angiogenesis and invasion pathways (Fig. 4G and Additional file 2: Table S2), suggesting that H3F3B+ tumor cells may exert angiogenic and invasive effects. Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.