GAL and colitis: Similar outcomes indicated the ability of GAL to abate the expression of JAK/STAT3 in a model of colitis (Wazea et al. 2018), high-fat diet (Ashmawy et al. 2022), and AKI (Ibrahim et al. 2018) while improving SOCS3 expression in inflammatory bowel disease (Seyedabadi et al. 2018).