CTLA4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: All the treatments of HCC – namely, radiofrequency ablation, transhepatic chemoembolisation, anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as atezolizumab (programmed death-ligand 1 [PDL-1] inhibitor) + bevacizumab (antivascular endothelial growth factor) or durvalumab (anti-PDL1 inhibitor) + tremelimumab (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 [CTLA4] inhibitor) combinations – were validated in randomised controlled trials (RCTs).