HMGB1 and Cognitive impairment: The objectives of this study were to observe the risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment and CMBs, to investigate the level of HMGBl in patients with CMBs and its correlation with cognitive impairment, to assess the predictive value of HMGB1 for the development of cognitive impairment in patients with CMBs, and to provide valid evidence for the early identification of vascular cognitive impairment due to CSVD.