Therefore, the increase of IL-12p40 could be a result of the increase of IL-23, like autoimmune disease, regarding of that other Type 1 inflammatory cytokine levels were not increased and showing decreased Th-1 T cell population and increase of exhausted T cell population in asthma mice... Other cellular changes were clear, and the ratio of Th2/Th1 CD4 T-cells in the lungs of asthmatic mice significantly increased. Here, NELFCD is linked to asthma.