INS and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Studies testing the efficacy of pravastatin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor), octreotide and pasireotide (somatostatin analogs, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon inhibitors), bosutinib (Src/Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor), and tolvaptan (vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist; US Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of ADPKD) have all shown some consistency between clinical and preclinical trial results, demonstrating improvement in ADPKD phenotypes (Table 4).