In contrast, infection with both VSV-g pseudotyped (Figure 5B and C) and replication competent (Figure 5E and F) HIV-1LAI induced IL-1β secretion and cell death only in CARD8 KO THP-1 cells that were complemented with WT human CARD8, but not CARD8 mutants that are resistant to HIV-1PR cleavage. Here, CARD8 is linked to infection.