ACE and acute kidney injury: The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), potassium-sparing diuretics, and β-blockers has been associated with hyperkalemia, while ACE-inhibitor/ARB therapy has been most commonly reported to cause acute kidney injury (AKI), and orthostatic hypotension has been evaluated in patients taking ACE-inhibitor/ARB, β-blocker, or calcium-channel blocker therapy (177).