International studies have mostly used AIDS-related clinical events (late presenters, LPs) [7] or CD4 cell count level (<200 cells/μL [7–9], <350 cells/μL [10], <500 cells/μL [11]) at ART initiation as an operational definition of late ART initiation, and used the lag time (1 month [5], 3 months [12, 13] and 12 months [11]) between HIV diagnosis and ART initiation to define delayed ART initiation. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and AIDS.