VDAC2 and Sepsis: To determine whether regulation of VDAC2 K46 malonylation contributed to the ferroptosis after sepsis, VDAC2 mutants were generated, including K46E (lysine to glutamic acid) that mimic constitutive malonylation, K46Q (lysine to glutamine) and K46R (lysine to arginine) (the 2 mutants were unable to undergo malonylation) and adeno-associated virus (AAV) (K46E, K46Q, and K46R) with the heart specific promoter cTNT were generated.